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The current run of inflation in the U.S. economy is putting pressure on household finances nationwide. The second half of 2021 saw several consecutive months of higher than usual price increases, reaching an overall 6.8% rate of inflation from November 2020 to November 2021. Wages have also grown in recent months but not at a rate fast enough to keep up with inflation, which is squeezing families’ budgets in key spending categories like housing, energy, transportation, and food.
Groceries are among the areas where inflation has challenged household spending this year. According to recent data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, food at home cost 6.4% more in 2021 than 2020, the highest year-over-year increase since the Great Recession. Prices for meat, poultry, fish, and eggs alone increased by 12.8% over that span.
Continued supply chain challenges are a primary driver of the recent price increases. Many suppliers and distributors have struggled with labor shortages and increased transportation costs, which has made it more challenging to get food products on grocery store shelves. Inconsistent supply has meant greater costs for stores and ultimately for consumers, and as current conditions persist into 2022, a scarcity of certain products could continue to push prices higher.
Inflation in the cost of groceries has been especially challenging for U.S. households because consumers have also been buying more groceries in general during the COVID-19 pandemic. With more establishments closed or operating at limited capacity due to the pandemic, consumers were more likely to eat at home. As a result, spending on groceries increased by 11.2% in 2020 while food services and accommodations saw a 20.5% drop. Because food is a necessity, households were unable to avoid this increase in spending, in contrast to other categories like transportation services and energy that have seen large price increases during the pandemic but also significant drops in consumer expenditures.
Spending on groceries does vary from location to location. Different regions may have greater costs for food supply and distribution, real estate, or labor that grocers pass on to consumers. In dollars per capita, residents of New England—which is not a major agricultural producer and has high costs—lead all regions in grocery spending at $4,061. But as a percentage of total consumer spending, the Southeast (8.7%), Rocky Mountain (8.6%), and Southwest (8.3%) have the highest levels of spending on groceries, which in part reflects lower incomes in these regions. Many of the states where residents spend the most on groceries are found in these regions as a result.
The data used in this analysis is from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. To determine the states where residents are spending the most on groceries, researchers at Filterbuy calculated annual grocery spending as a share of total spending for U.S. households. In the event of a tie, the state with the higher per capita annual grocery spending was ranked higher.
Here are the states where residents are spending the most on groceries.
States Where Residents Are Spending the Most on Groceries
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15. Montana
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.0%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,814
- Per capita annual total spending: $42,310
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +9.6%
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14. Idaho
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.1%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,243
- Per capita annual total spending: $35,459
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +10.5%
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13. North Carolina
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.1%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,470
- Per capita annual total spending: $38,295
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +15.2%
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12. Georgia
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.1%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,483
- Per capita annual total spending: $38,165
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +11.9%
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11. South Carolina
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.2%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,438
- Per capita annual total spending: $37,554
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +13.1%
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10. Nevada
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.2%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,595
- Per capita annual total spending: $39,211
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +11.7%
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9. Wyoming
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.2%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,883
- Per capita annual total spending: $42,016
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +10.7%
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8. New Mexico
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.3%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,288
- Per capita annual total spending: $35,264
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +11.1%
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7. Oregon
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.3%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,928
- Per capita annual total spending: $42,055
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +13.1%
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6. Vermont
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.3%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $4,420
- Per capita annual total spending: $47,397
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +9.4%
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5. Kansas
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.5%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,672
- Per capita annual total spending: $38,845
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +11.2%
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4. Maine
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.6%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $4,338
- Per capita annual total spending: $45,272
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +12.5%
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3. Kentucky
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.8%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,581
- Per capita annual total spending: $36,574
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +9.9%
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2. Mississippi
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 9.9%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $3,211
- Per capita annual total spending: $32,358
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +11.3%
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1. Hawaii
- Grocery spending as a share of total: 10.1%
- Per capita annual grocery spending: $4,556
- Per capita annual total spending: $45,080
- Percentage change in grocery spending (2019–2020): +10.9%
Detailed Findings & Methodology
The data used in this analysis is from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis’s Personal Consumption Expenditures. To determine the states where residents are spending the most on groceries, researchers calculated total “food and beverages for off-premises consumption” spending as a share of total personal consumption expenditures. In the event of a tie, the state with the higher per capita annual grocery spending was ranked higher.
